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Measures and Study Instruments

For over 25 years, the Center for Sleep and Circadian Science has been at the forefront of sleep research. We have developed numerous instruments to facilitate sleep assessment.  Please complete the request form for permission to use any of the below instruments.

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Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI)
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Reference

Please cite the reference for the PSQI below in any publications. Any questions regarding reprinting of the article should be directed to contact Carolyn Weber at cweber@innovation.pitt.edu.

Buysse,D.J., Reynolds,C.F., Monk,T.H., Berman,S.R., & Kupfer,D.J. (1989). The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI): A new instrument for psychiatric research and practice. Psychiatry Research, 28(2), 193-213. The detailed scoring instructions are at the end of this journal article.

Below is the PSQI instrument, the correct scoring algorithm, the original article, and the scoring database.

Translations: The PSQI has been translated into 56 additional languages. For more information on these languages, or to request the PSQI in a different language, follow the link to the MAPI website. You will have to create a profile (free) and then click on PSQI Request for Translations under Conditions of Use heading.

This copyright in this form is owned by the University of Pittsburgh and may be reprinted without charge only for non-commercial research and educational purposes. You may not make changes or modifications of this form without prior written permission from the University of Pittsburgh. If you would like to use this instrument for commercial purposes or for commercially sponsored research, please contact the Office of Technology Management at the University of Pittsburgh at 412-648-2206 for licensing information.

Documents

PSQI Article

PSQI Instrument

PSQI Scoring

How to Download and Use the PSQI Database

PSQI Scoring Database (PSQI Scoring Database.zip)

PSQI Language Translation List

Brief Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (B-PSQI)

Below is the B-PSQI instrument and the original article.

We do not provide translations for this instrument. If you translate the instrument yourself, translations must use established linguistic validation methods including (but not limited to) cognitive interviews, translation, and back-translation by two bi-lingual speakers.

Documents

PSQI Article

B-PSQI Instrument

Insomnia Symptom Questionnaire (ISQ)

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Reference

Okun,M.L., Kravitz,H.M., Sowers,M.F., Moul,D.E., Buysse,D.J., & Hall,M. (2009). Psychometric evaluation of the Insomnia Symptom Questionnaire: A self-report measure to identify chronic insomnia. Journal of Clinical Sleep Medicine, 5(1), 41-51.

Documents

ISQ Article

ISQ Instrument

ISQ Scoring

The copyright in this form is owned by the University of Pittsburgh and may be reprinted without charge only for non-commercial research and educational purposes. You may not make changes or modifications of this form without prior written permission from the University of Pittsburgh. If you would like to use this instrument for commercial purposes or for commercially sponsored research, please contact the Office of Technology Management at the University of Pittsburgh at 412-648-2206 for licensing information.

Pittsburgh Insomnia Rating Scale (PIRS)

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Reference

Moul,D.E., Pilkonis,P.A., Miewald,J.M., Carey,T.J., Buysse,D.J.: Preliminary study of the test-retest reliability and concurrent validities of the Pittsburgh Insomnia Rating Scale (PIRS). Sleep 25 Abstract Supplement, A246-A247, 2002.

Documents

PIRS_65 Instrument

PIRS_65 Scoring

PIRS_20 Instrument

PIRS_20 Scoring

PIRS_2 Instrument

Sleep 25 Abstract Supplement, A246-A247, 2002.

This copyright in this form is owned by the University of Pittsburgh and may be reprinted without charge only for non-commercial research and educational purposes. You may not make changes or modifications of this form without prior written permission from the University of Pittsburgh. If you would like to use this instrument for commercial purposes or for commercially sponsored research, please contact the Office of Technology Management at the University of Pittsburgh at 412-648-2206 for licensing information.

Brief Behavioral Treatment for Insomnia (BBTI) workbook

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Reference

 If you use BBTI in any research context, please cite the 2006, 2011 and 2012 papers in any publications that result:

Germain A, Moul DE, Franzen PL, Miewald JM, Reynolds CF III, Monk TH, Buysse DJ:  Effects of a brief behavioral treatment for late-life insomnia: preliminary findings.  J Clin Sleep Med, 2(4):403-406, 2006.

Buysse DJ, Germain A, Moul DE, Franzen PL, Brar LK, Fletcher ME, Begley A, Houck PR, Mazumdar S, Reynolds CF, and Monk TH:   Efficacy of brief behavioral treatment for chronic insomnia in older adults.  Arch Intern Med, 171(10):887-895, 2011.

Troxel WM, Germain A, and Buysse DJ:   Clinical management of insomnia with Brief Behavioral Treatment (BBTI).  Behavioral Sleep Medicine, 10(4):266-279, 2012. doi:10.1080/15402002.2011.607200

Documents

BBTI Original Article

Effects of BBTI Preliminary Findings

Editorial for Efficacy Article

BBTI Workbook

BBTI Workbook with notes

BBTI UPMC Sleep Medicine Center

BBTI Review

This copyright in this workbook is owned by the University of Pittsburgh and may be reprinted without charge only for non-commercial research and educational purposes.  Please be sure to use only within your immediate program. You may not make changes or modifications of this workbook without prior written permission from the University of Pittsburgh. If you would like to use this instrument for commercial purposes or for commercially sponsored research, please contact the Office of Technology Management at the University of Pittsburgh at 412-648-2206 for licensing information.

RU-SATED

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The RU-SATED scale is a self-report measure designed to assess sleep health. Sleep health refers to a multidimensional pattern of sleep-wakefulness that is adapted to individual, social, and environmental demands. It promotes physical and mental well-being. 

RU-SATED  stands for:

  • Satisfaction: Are you satisfied with your sleep?
  • Alertness: Do you stay awake all day without dozing?
  • Timing: Are you asleep (or trying to sleep) between 2 am and 4 am?
  • Efficiency: Do you spend less than 30 minutes awake at night (including time to fall asleep and awakenings)?
  • Duration: Do you sleep between 6 and 8 hours per day?

In summary, the SATED scale provides a quick and practical way to assess sleep health based on key dimensions that impact overall well-being.

Reference

Please cite the 2014 paper in any publications that result, as well as the Brandolim Becker publication.

Buysse DJ. Sleep health: can we define it? Does it matter? Sleep. 2014;37(1):9-17.

Brandolim Becker N, Martins RIS, Jesus SN, Chiodelli R, Stephen Rieber M. Sleep health assessment: A scale validation. Psychiatry Res. 2018;259:51-55.

Documents

RU-SATED v4.0

This copyright in this form is owned by the University of Pittsburgh and may be reprinted without charge only for non-commercial research and educational purposes. You may not make changes or modifications of this form without prior written permission from the University of Pittsburgh. If you would like to use this instrument for commercial purposes or for commercially sponsored research, please contact the Office of Technology Management at the University of Pittsburgh at 412-648-2206 for licensing information.

Sleep Timing Questionnaire (STQ)

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Reference

Monk TH, Buysse DJ, Kennedy KS, Pods JM, DeGrazia JM, Miewald JM. Measuring sleep habits without using a diary: the sleep timing questionnaire. Sleep. 2003 Mar 15;26(2):208-12. doi: 10.1093/sleep/26.2.208. PMID: 12683481.

Documents

STQ Article

STQ Instrument

Global Sleep Assessment Questionnaire (GSAQ)

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Reference

Roth T, Zammit G, Kushida C, Doghramji K, Mathias SD, Wong JM, Buysse DJ: A new questionnaire to detect sleep disorders. Sleep Med 2002; 3: pp. 99-108.

Documents

GSAQ Instrument

Roth et al (2002) article

Daytime Insomnia Symptom Scale (DISS)

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Reference

Please cite the reference below for the DISS in any publications. If you intend to reproduce the article in which the instrument was published, we recommend that you contact Elsevier, Ltd., the publisher of Sleep Medicine. Any questions regarding reprinting of the article should be directed to the Global Rights Department, Elsevier, Ltd., Tel (978) 777-9929; or via Email.

Buysse,D.J., Thompson,W., Scott,J., Franzen,P.L., Germain,A., Hall,M., Moul,D.E., Nofzinger,E.A., & Kupfer,D.J. (2007) Daytime symptoms in primary insomnia: A prospective analysis using ecological momentary assessment. Sleep Medicine, 8, 198-208.

Documents

DISS Article

DISS Instrument

This copyright in this form is owned by the University of Pittsburgh and may be reprinted without charge only for non-commercial research and educational purposes. You may not make changes or modifications of this form without prior written permission from the University of Pittsburgh. If you would like to use this instrument for commercial purposes or for commercially sponsored research, please contact the Office of Technology Management at the University of Pittsburgh at 412-648-2206 for licensing information.

Consensus Sleep Diary (CSD)

Reference

Carney CE; Buysse DJ; Ancoli-Israel S; Edinger JD; Krystal AD; Lichstein KL; Morin CM. The consensus sleep diary: standardizing prospective sleep self-monitoring. SLEEP 2012;35(2):287-302.

Permission for using the Consensus Sleep Diary is granted for not-for-profit use provided the diary is not altered and the original diary citation (Carney et al., 2012) is used. Permission for industry or for-profit use is obtained by contacting the first author, Colleen Carney.